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| 1 | Boleslaw I the Brave (Polish: Boles?aw I Chrobry; 966 or 967 - June 17, 1025), in the past also known as Boles?aw I the Great, in Polish: Boles?aw I Wielki ), of the Piast Dynasty — son of Mieszko I and of his first wife, the Bohemian princess Dobrawa — ruled as Duke of Poland, 992-1025, and as King of Poland in 1025. [edit] Biography In 984 Boles?aw married Henilda, daughter of Rikdag (Riddag, Ricdag), Margrave of Meißen. Subsequently he married Judith, daughter of Geza, Grand Duke of Hungary; then Enmilda, daughter of Dobromir, Duke of Lusatia (their daughter Regelinde became the wife of Hermann of Meißen); and lastly Oda von Haldensleben, another daughter of the Margrave of Meißen. His wives bore him sons, including Bezprym, Mieszko II and Otton; and a daughter, Mathilde. After his father's death around 992, Boles?aw was able to expel his father's second wife, Oda, and her sons, and unite the country again. In 997 Boles?aw sent Saint Adalbert of Prague to Prussia, on the Baltic Sea, on a mission to convert the heathen Prussians to Christianity — an attempt that would end in Adalbert's martyrdom and subsequent canonization. From his father, he had inherited their principality, centered on Greater Poland, being along the river Warta ("valley of Warta"), and much smaller than today Poland. By 997, Boles?aw already possessed Silesia and Pomerania (with its chief city, Gdan'sk) and Lesser Poland (with its chief city, Cracow). In 999 Boles?aw annexed present-day Moravia, and in 1000 or 1001, parts of present-day Slovakia. In 1000, Emperor Otto III, while on pilgrimage to the tomb of St. Adalbert at Gniezno, invested Boles?aw with the title Frater et Cooperator Imperii ("Brother and Partner in the Empire"). Some historians state that the Emperor also pledged a royal crown to Boles?aw. During that same visit, Otto III accepted Gniezno's status as an archbishopric (see Congress of Gniezno). After the untimely death of Otto III at age 22 in 1002, Boles?aw conquered Meißen and Lusatia, wresting imperial territory for himself during the disputes over succession to the Imperial throne. He and his father had earlier backed Henry II, Duke of Bavaria against Otto, and Boles?aw now accepted the accession, as Emperor, of Henry II, son of the earlier Henry. Boles?aw conquered, and made himself Duke of, Bohemia and Moravia in 1003 - 1004, ruling as Boleslav IV. At the request of his son-in-law Sviatopolk I of Kiev, the Polish duke intervened in Kievan affairs: not only did he expel Yaroslav the Wise from Kiev, but possibly he deployed his troops in Rus' capital for about half a year (see Kiev Expedition). It was during this campaign that Boles?aw annexed the Red Strongholds, later called Red Ruthenia. The intermittent wars with the Holy Roman Empire ended with the Peace of Bautzen in 1018, which left Sorbian Meißen and Lusatia in Polish hands. Emperor Henry II obliged Boles?aw to pledge his fealty again in exchange for the lands that he held in fief. After Henry's death in 1024, Boles?aw crowned himself king (1025), thus raising Poland to the rank of a kingdom and being the first Polish king, his predecessors having been "princes". His successors as rulers of Poland long desired to be continuously kings, like their neighbors in Hungary, but like their neighbors of Bohemia, they were only occasionally granted such recognition by their nominal liege lord, the Emperor, or any such international recognition. Boles?aw sent an army to aid his friend — probably also his nephew — Canute the Great in his conquest of England. Boles?aw's son, Mieszko II, crowned himself king immediately upon his father's death. Significance of Boles?aw's reign in Polish history Boles?aw was the first Polish king, since it was during his reign that Poland became a kingdom, despite the fact that some Polish rulers before 1295 would never receive a crown. Poland had thus the royal status before their ethnic relatives and neighbors, Bohemia. He was the first Polish ruler that had been baptised at birth, thus the first real Christian ruler of Poland. He founded the independent Polish province of the Church and made Poland a strong power in Europe. Boles?aw for the first time unified all the provinces that subsequently came to comprise the traditional territory of Poland: Greater Poland, Lesser Poland, Masovia, Silesia and Pomerania He was a national hero to the Sorbs of Lusatia. | BRAVE, Boleslaw I the (I1153)
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| 2 | : Ejer af Hejreholm og Vidskøfle i Skåne. Nævnes 1355, var 1365 ridder, beseglede 1376 den skånske adels fuldmagt til kong Olufs hyldning og kongens håndfæstninger 1376-77, levede endnu 1381, skal være bleven snigmyrdet af Henrik Sankepil, der havde tjent ham og var bleven "adlet" af dronning Margrethe og forlenet med Helsingborg slot. Efter nogle havde dronningen selv anstiftet drabet, efter andre lod hun morderen henrette; måske skete drabet 1382 ved Tustrupsøs indtagelse. Gift 1. med Margrethe, hvem der tillægges Skarsholm-slægtens våben. Gift 2. med Karen Eriksdatter Saltensee. http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=da&u=http://www.dis-danmark.dk/forum/read.php%3F1,449214,page%3D6&ei=1d0XTbGaDYnksQOQ-I2fCg&sa=X&oi=translate&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCkQ7gEwAQ&prev=/search%3Fq%3DGregers%2BPedersen%2BKROGNOS%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26sa%3DG%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26prmd%3Divnso | KROGNOS, Holger Gregersen (I956)
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| 3 | !BIOGRAPHY: Helene Christine Elisabeth de Tonsberg, 1753-18 21, married to Hans Jacob Pavels, 1743-1804, official advis or and President in Krisiansand. Died in Dr‰bak. | DE TONSBERG, Helene Christine Elisabeth (I21)
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| 4 | !NOTE: Henrik J¯rgen HUITFELDT's 1st wife died merely 21 ye ars old, and his second wife was Birgitte Christine Kaas . She was born at ElingÂrd in 1682 and was the daughter o f county magistrate Hans Kaas and Sophie Amalie BIELKE. Sh e was a rigorous lady and became therefore gladly called "G eneral Birthe". In her husband's absence, she ran the far m and estate with a firm hand. She had a good education a n d mastered more than one language. She both composed an d wrote poems. She had consequently a distinct intellectua l side and could thus compare favorably with the wives at f or example; Hafslund and BorregÂrd. She was no subservien t woman as silen t in gathering/group and broke thus with t he custom of the time, as was the case with the other paris h farm wives. Chancery counsellor, Carl Deichmann who esta blished the Deichmanske Library, must have known Birgitte C hristine personally. He wr ote that she was " cheerful an d nice." King Christian VI visited Norway in 1733 wit h a large group of people. The king's mother-in-law, Marqu ise of Bayreuth, was also visiting. She urged Birgitte Chr istine to use her poetic abilities to "Rais e religion". Th e year after she therefore wrote 28 hymns that were inter preted from German. The collection is named "Nogle spiritu al Psalms", and the two most famous are, "S¯rg o' kjÊre Fad er" and "Se solens skj¯nne lys og prakt". Birgitte Ch ris tine must have made a great impression on the people in he r time, and it lives on today in tradition connected to he r life and activities. It is related that she lies burie d with a paper in one hand and a book in the other. This s hall in a sy mbolic way underline, that she was a lady wit h rigorous discipline and literary teaching. The same trad ition is connected with Karen Werenskiold HUITFELDT at Hafs lund. Also she was an authoritative and learned wife. The y both were married to a HUITFELDT and had very much in com mon, they also received the same posthumous fame. But Birg itte Christine was surely a more complex character, and i t is related that "she had an incomprehensible need to pla y cards. One evening she had been at Kj¯lberg and gambled h er rent away. It was late autumn, and it was pi tch dark ou tside. The coachman helped her into her carriage and burs t in the direction of ElingÂrd. Big were his concerns whe n he got home to the farm and realized that the seat in th e back of the carriage was empty. It became a question o f wh ere she must have fallen along the side of the road, b ut nowhere was a trace to be found. Surely The devil had t aken her" . Had she lived 150 year before, she maybe woul d have been burned at the bonfire as a witch. Married coup le HUITFELDT gav e money to charitable purpose and donate d gifts to Ons¯y church as HUITFELDT purchased previously i n 1723. Nearby the church he built a little old people's ho me for six poor. On 30 October 1746, the hundred year anniv ersary of the main buildin g at ElingÂrd was again devastat ed by fire. The family moved then to Kj¯lberg, that the y also owned and moved back to Eling=rd in June 1749. Th e "Huitfeldeske Room" is preserved with dark burlap wall co vering on the walls, and the room give s the best impressi on of the 1700's. General Henrik J¯rgen HUITFELDT died 1 6 May 1751 and was presumably the first to die in this room . When Henrik J¯rgen HUITFELDT died in 1751, his wife too k over and lived with a heavy debt. There were FOU R SO NS & FIVE DAUGHTERS in this marriage. Their sons were accus tomed to an elegant and expensive lifestyle. When they di d military service as bodyguards in K¯benhavn, they were ca lled "the Norwegian princes". note from WFT #174: Fac t 1: described as Naestauskendebarn in 1754 became Head Housemistress for Queen Juliane Marie , and 31 Mar 1755 excused? [benaadet] by the Widow Queen' s Order? [Enkedronnigens Orden]; died 1761 http://www.munthe.net/database/JavaGED.htm?Who=@I7391@ [NI6692] !NOTE: Henrik J¯rgen HUITFELDT's 1st wife died merely 21 years old, and his second wife was Birgitte Christine Kaas. She was born at ElingÂrd in 1682 and was the daughter of county magistrate Hans Kaas and Sophie Amalie BIELKE. She was a rigorous lady and became therefore gladly called "General Birthe". In her husband's absence, she ran the farm and estate with a firm hand. She had a good education an d mastered more than one language. She both composed and wrote poems. She had consequently a distinct intellectual side and could thus compare favorably with the wives at for example; Hafslund and BorregÂrd. She was no subservient woman as silen t in gathering/group and broke thus with the custom of the time, as was the case with the other parish farm wives. Chancery counsellor, Carl Deichmann who established the Deichmanske Library, must have known Birgitte Christine personally. He wr ote that she was " cheerful and nice." King Christian VI visited Norway in 1733 with a large group of people. The king's mother-in-law, Marquise of Bayreuth, was also visiting. She urged Birgitte Christine to use her poetic abilities to "Rais e religion". The year after she therefore wrote 28 hymns that were interpreted from German. The collection is named "Nogle spiritual Psalms", and the two most famous are, "S¯rg o' kjÊre Fader" and "Se solens skj¯nne lys og prakt". Birgitte Ch ristine must have made a great impression on the people in her time, and it lives on today in tradition connected to her life and activities. It is related that she lies buried with a paper in one hand and a book in the other. This shall in a sy mbolic way underline, that she was a lady with rigorous discipline and literary teaching. The same tradition is connected with Karen Werenskiold HUITFELDT at Hafslund. Also she was an authoritative and learned wife. They both were married to a HUITFELDT and had very much in common, they also received the same posthumous fame. But Birgitte Christine was surely a more complex character, and it is related that "she had an incomprehensible need to play cards. One evening she had been at Kj¯lberg and gambled her rent away. It was late autumn, and it was pi tch dark outside. The coachman helped her into her carriage and burst in the direction of ElingÂrd. Big were his concerns when he got home to the farm and realized that the seat in the back of the carriage was empty. It became a question of wh ere she must have fallen along the side of the road, but nowhere was a trace to be found. Surely The devil had taken her" . Had she lived 150 year before, she maybe would have been burned at the bonfire as a witch. Married couple HUITFELDT gav e money to charitable purpose and donated gifts to Ons¯y church as HUITFELDT purchased previously in 1723. Nearby the church he built a little old people's home for six poor. On 30 October 1746, the hundred year anniversary of the main buildin g at ElingÂrd was again devastated by fire. The family moved then to Kj¯lberg, that they also owned and moved back to Eling=rd in June 1749. The "Huitfeldeske Room" is preserved with dark burlap wall covering on the walls, and the room give s the best impression of the 1700's. General Henrik J¯rgen HUITFELDT died 16 May 1751 and was presumably the first to die in this room. When Henrik J¯rgen HUITFELDT died in 1751, his wife took over and lived with a heavy debt. There were FOU R SONS & FIVE DAUGHTERS in this marriage. Their sons were accustomed to an elegant and expensive lifestyle. When they did military service as bodyguards in K¯benhavn, they were called "the Norwegian princes". note from WFT #174: Fact 1: described as Naestauskendebarn in 1754 became Head Housemistress for Queen Juliane Marie, and 31 Mar 1755 excused? [benaadet] by the Widow Queen's Order? [Enkedronnigens Orden]; died 1761 http://genealogy.munthe.net/database/notes.html#NI6691 | KAAS, Birgitte Christine (I37)
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| 5 | (Overtok to eiend. av Wendt/Wedde H. Frese) 8 barn | JEPSEN, Paye (I1613)
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| 6 | (Research):Lastname "Sjællandsfar" (meaning "One that has t ravelled to Zeeland, Denmark") couldn't be for a girl in th is age? Probably for her father? http://www.munthe.net/database/JavaGED.htm?Who=@I7391@ | SJÆLLANDSFAR, Bodil Eriksdatter (I684)
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| 7 | [NI6691] !NOTE: The houses at Sanne were large. The main building had four chimneys with a heating oven and fireplace in each. One wing had a chimney for the laundry room and bake oven. After Marschalck's death in 1679 the widow kept Sanne with support ing estate until she died in 1698. Subsequently, the farm was inherited by Jens BIELKE's grandaughter, Sophie Amalie Rosenkrantz. She was from her other marriage to T¯nne HUITFELDT who owned Tronstad, ElingÂrd and Tomb. Sophie died in 1711, an d her son, Henrik J¯rgen HUITFELDT took over the estate. After his death, Sanne was out of the BIELKE family. | ROSENKRANTZ, Sophie Amalie (I28)
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| 8 | [NI7658] infantry colonel, married 1750 to Sophie Beate HUITFELDT of Elinsg=rd, 1724-1785. (nr. 39) munthe | DE TONSBERG, Hans (I24)
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| 9 | [NI7932] Lensmand på Nyborg, Statthalter, Gouverneure, Adlige, (Iceland høvedsmand in Bergenhus (1538-1555), Høvedsman in Stenvigsholm (1540-1541), Commander in Stenvigsholm (1538) D.R.R. (Dansk Riges Raad?) 1532 aka KristÛfer HvÌtfeldur, governor & nobleman, Iceland hˆvedsmand in Bergenhus ~Jan 1538-Dec 1555; Hˆvedsman in Stenvigsholm ~Jan 1540-Jan 1541;'commander' in Stenvigsholm Nov 1538 SEE THE REUNION 'ANCESTORS' FILE FOR PEDIGREES OF THESE PEOPLE this entire file--705 people-- is from Ejvind A. Christensen--much of it is suspect took the HUITFELDT name 1527; member of court of King Frederik I; 1527-37 [forlehnet] with Frue Kloster Kirke in Ribe; 1554 was [fÊnrik] with the SkÂne Adelsfane; 1535 shipcaptain; 1535-36 [forlehned] with ÿvids Kloster; 1535-38 Lensman at Nybor g Castle; 1535-36 at Rugaard; 1538-42 at Stenvigsholm; 1541-43 in Iceland; 1542-56 at Bergenhus; 1556-57 at Kors¯r; 1557 was 'Rigsraad and Lensman at Gulland; http://genealogy.munthe.net/database/notes.html | HUITFELDT, Christopher (I1385)
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| 10 | * OCCUPATION: Jarl (Earl of Northumberland) ('Torstein Jarl') ABT 1055 * BIRTH: ABT 1025, (Toste) av England (ist. bare halvbr. av king Harold ?) * BAPTISM: (3dje sønn av Godwin ?) * DEATH: 25 Sep 1066, (i slaget ved Stamford bridge) (sm. m. Har. Hårdråde) | GODWINSON, Tostig (I1632)
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| 11 | * RESIDENCE: 1334, Eier av Hjerndrupgård * OCCUPATION: Væbner * BIRTH: ABT 1305 * DEATH: AFT ER 1334 | NIELSEN, Iver (I1621)
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| 12 | * RESIDENCE: 1439, (Overdro to eiend. til Paye Jepsen) Bosatt i Arlewatt * OCCUPATION: Storbonde * BIRTH: ABT 1390, (Wendt ?) Tyskland (Flensburg ?) * DEATH: AFT ER 1466, Husum | FRESE, Wedde Hinrichsen (I1617)
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| 13 | * RESIDENCE: Bosatt i Kollund, senere Flensburg * OCCUPATION: Væpner, Borgermester 1379 * BIRTH: ABT 1330, Tyskland * DEATH: ABT 1385, Flensburg, Tyskland (etter 1388 ?) | JUEL, Peder Iversen (I1620)
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| 14 | * udstedte 1321 med Oluf Lunge og Flere et Vidne af Sjællands Landsthing, hvorunder hans Segl endnu er bevaret, fik 1343 Gods i Thy i Pant af Hr. Peder Vendelbo, var 1344 nærværende paa Viborg Landsthing, Ridder, var + 1355. * Søn af Mogens... * Saafremt den her opstillede Stamtavle er rigtig, var Slægten delt i to Hovedlinier, af hvilke den første her er betegnet med Navnet Due, som blev arveligt i denne Linie, hvorimod den anden er kaldet Glob, fordi dens sidste Slægtled kaldte sig saaledes. Slægten uddøde paa Mandslinien 1558. | DUE, Niels Mogensen Glob (I1713)
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| 15 | # 1294 accompanied the Duke Christopher, when he caught Jens Grand, mentions 1300 as the Norwegian sealing given convoy, possessed the 1308 Gods of Halland, as Count Jacob had usurped, was when Knight, a 1313 by Peder Porse groomsmen and best man for the 1316 Archbishop Esger and known as "Petrus Egetheside Saltenis"!, 1327 was the arbitrator in dispute between the archbishop and Jens Offesen, still lived 14th July 1332nd [1] # Mr PEDER GR [EGERSEN] EGESIDE. Patronymikon'et comes from an old drawing of his chop-seal, of which this is only "GR" could be read when the drawing was. He called hardly "Petrus Egetheside Saltense"in (rightfully) 1314th It is rather that Saltenses first name is skipped by depreciation, and that this therefore is a different person. Known from 1294, where he participated in the capture of Archbishop Jens Grand, referred to as the knight from 1295 and as a royal council from 1320th Medlover and medbesegler in a series of government actions for the kings Menved Erik and Valdemar III. Owned goods in Halland seal of authenticity on the transfer of goods in the Gard district of last known mention 1332nd Egeside occurs as place name, not far from Vittskövle in the same township. | EGESIDE, Peder Gregersen (I1723)
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| 16 | # BIRTH: (1051?) Wessex, England (Torsteins.) (ukjent mor) # BAPTISM: Kongsfostre (kongsfóstri) (antakelig frillesønn) | REIN, Skule Tostigsønn (I1631)
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| 17 | # ESIDENCE: Bos. Flensburg, eide Arlewatt, Lytjenholm # OCCUPATION: Bonde, Rådm. Flensb. 1399 # BIRTH: ABT 1370, (Friis) Tyskland # DEATH: BEF 1448, (?) | FRESE, Hinrich (I1618)
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| 18 | # Name: Silvius (Selys Hen) # Sex: M # ALIA: /Silvius (Hisicion)/ # Note: Silvius From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Silvius has several meanings: In Roman mythology, Silvius was the son of Aeneas and Lavinia. He succeeded Ascanius as King of Alba Longa. Virgil VI, 763. All the kings of Alba following Silvius bore the name as their cognomen. According to British legend, another Silvius, this one son of Ascanius, was the father of Brutus of Britain, first King of the Britons. He was accidentally killed by his own son while hunting. Father: Iulus Ascanius King of Alba Longa b: in 1190 BC Marriage 1 Spouse Unknown Children 1. Has Children Brutus (Brwt) King in Britain b: in Italy | (SELYS HEN), Silvius (I1326)
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| 19 | # Name: Aeneas (The Dardanian) King of Latium # Sex: M # Birth: in 1220 BC # Death: in 1175 BC # Note: Aeneas From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Aeneas (or Aineias) was a Trojan hero, the son of prince Anchises and the goddess Aphrodite (Venus in Roman sources). The journey of Aeneas from Troy, which led to the founding of the city that would one day become Rome, is recounted in Virgil's Aeneid. He is considered an important figure in Greek and Roman legend and history. Aeneas is a character in Homer's Iliad and Shakespeare's Troilus and Cressida. Legend In the Iliad, Aeneas is the leader of the Dardans (allies of the Trojans), and a principal lieutenant of Hector, son of the Trojan king Priam. In the poem, Aeneas's mother Aphrodite frequently comes to his aid on the battlefield: he is also a favorite of Apollo. Even Poseidon, who normally favors the Greeks, comes to Aeneas's rescue when the latter falls under the assault of Achilles, noting that Aeneas, though from a junior branch of the royal family, is destined to become king of the Trojan people. (Iliad, xx. 308). Homer thereafter has nothing more to say about Aeneas, but Poseidon's statement may be the basis for the later legends that were synthesized by Vergil in the Aeneid. When Troy was sacked by the Greeks, Aeneas gathered a group, collectively known as the Aeneads, traveled to Italy and became a progenitor of the Romans. The Aeneads included his trumpeter Misenus, his father Anchises, his friends Achates, Sergestus and Acmon, the healer Iapyx, his son Ascanius, and their guide Mimas. He carried with him the Lares and Penates, the statues of the household gods of Troy, and transplanted them to Italy. During his journey, Aeneas and his fleet made landfall at Carthage. It is at this point that the poem of the Aeneid begins. Aeneas had a brief affair with the Carthaginian queen Elissa, also known as Dido, who proposed that the Trojans settle in her land and that she and Aeneas reign jointly over their peoples. However, the messenger god Mercury was sent by Juno and Venus to remind Aeneas of his journey and his purpose, thus compelling him to leave secretly and continue on his way. When Dido learned of this, she ordered a funeral pyre to be constructed for herself; and standing on it, she uttered a famous curse that forever would pit Carthage against the Trojans. She then committed suicide by stabbing herself in the chest. When Aeneas later traveled to Hades, he called to her ghost but she neither spoke or acknowledged him. The company stopped on the island of Sicily during the course of their journey. There Aeneas was welcomed by Acestes, king of the region and son of the river Crinisus by a Dardanian woman. When the ship left, Achaemenides, one of Odysseus' crew who had been left behind, traveled with them. Soon after arriving in Italy, Aeneas made war against the city of Falerii. Latinus, king of the Latins, welcomed Aeneas's army of exiled Trojans and let them reorganize their life in Latium. His daughter Lavinia had been promised to Turnus, king of the Rutuli, but Latinus received a prophecy that Lavinia would be betrothed to one from another land - namely, Aeneas. Latinus heeded the prophecy, and Turnus consequently declared war on Aeneas at the urging of Hera, who was aligned with King Tarchon of the Etruscans and Queen Amata of the Latins. Aeneas' forces prevailed, and Turnus was killed. Aeneas founded the of city Lavinium, named after his wife. He later welcomed Dido's sister, Anna Perenna, who then committed suicide after learning of Lavinia's jealousy. After his death, Aeneas was recognized as the god Indiges. Inspired by the work of James Frazer, some have posited that Aeneas was originally a life-death-rebirth deity. Family and legendary descendants Aeneas had an extensive family tree. Aeneas' wet-nurse was named Caieta. He was the father of Ascanius with Creusa, and of Silvius with Lavinia. Ascanius, the son of Aeneas, also known as Iulus (or Julius), founded Alba Longa and was the first in a long series of kings. According to the mythology outlined by Virgil in the Aeneid, Romulus and Remus were both descendants of Aeneas through their mother, and thus Aeneas was responsible for founding the Roman people. Some early sources call him their father or grandfather [1], but, considering the commonly accepted dates of the fall of Troy (1184 BC) and the founding of Rome (753 BC), this seems unlikely. The Julian family (Gens Julia) of Rome, whose most famous member was Julius Caesar, traced their lineage to Aeneas's son Ascanius and, in turn, to the goddess Venus. The legendary kings of Britain also trace their family through a grandson of Aeneas, Brutus. Father: Anchisa the Dardinian b: in 1240 BC Mother: Aphrodite Pandemos Marriage 1 Lavinia Marriage 2 Creusa of Troy | (THE DARDANIAN), King of Latium Aeneas (I1328)
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| 20 | # Name: Anchisa the Dardinian # Sex: M # ALIA: /Anchises/ # Birth: in 1240 BC # Death: in 1180 BC # Note: Anchises From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. In Greek mythology, Anchises was a son of Capys. Anchises was the son of Capys and either Themiste (daughter of Ilus, son of Tros) or Hieromneme (a Naiad and daughter of Simois, the river god). He was the father of Aeneas by Aphrodite. Anchises bred his mares with the divine stallions owned by King Laomedon. After the Trojan War, Anchises was carried from Troy to Italy by his son, Aeneas. Anchises died and was buried in Sicily. Aeneas later visited Hades and saw his father again in the Elysian Fields. Father: Capys the Dardinian b: in Troy Mother: Themiste of Troy Marriage 1 Aphrodite Pandemos * Married: Children 1. Has Children Aeneas (The Dardanian) King of Latium b: in 1220 BC | DARDINIAN, Anchisa the (I1329)
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| 21 | # Name: Aviragus (Gwenivyth) King of Siluria # Sex: M # Birth: in Isle of Avalon Abt. 10 AD # Death: in 74 AD # _FA1: Reigned 44 AD-74 AD. # _FA2: Lived in Avalon (Glastonbury). Father: Cunobelin (Cymbeline) King of Britons b: in Abt. 44 BC Marriage 1 Genuissa (Venessa) Claudia of Rome * Married: in 45 AD Children 1. Has Children Marius King of Siluria b: in Britain 30 AD | OF SILURIA, Aviragus (Gwenivyth) King (I1296)
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| 22 | # Name: Beli Mawr the Great King in Britain Notable # Sex: M # ALIA: Heli /King of Britons/ # Birth: in 110 BC # Death: in 72 BC # _FA1: AKA Heli King of Britons. # _FA2: Known as Beli "Mawr", the Great. # _FA3: Sovereign Lord of the Celtic Britons. # _FA4: Reigned 132 BC-72 BC. # Note: To have acquired the cognomen Mawr must mean that Beli was a great king and it is likely that he was one of the first to impose his authority over many of the tribes of Britain, most likely over southern Britain and Wales. It is possible to trace most of the British and Welsh rulers back to Beli. Occupation King in Britain | NOTABLE, Beli Mawr the Great King in Britain (I1303)
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| 23 | # Name: Bjorn Ragnarsson OF SWEDEN # NPFX: King # Given Name: Bjorn Ragnarsson # Surname: of Sweden # Sex: M # Note: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Björn Járnsíða or Björn Järnsida, Swedish king (ca 785-800) was alegendary viking from the 8th century. He was one of the sons ofRagnar Lodbrok. He pillaged in Italy and took part in the conquest ofParis with his father Ragnar Lodbrok. He acquired the name ironside because he was never wounded in battle.This invulnerability was attributed to his mother Aslaug's use of seidin order to make him impervious to iron and steel. According to Hervarar saga he inherited Sweden from his father whilehis brother Sigurd Snake-Eye inherited the remainder of Scandinavia. The dynasty he founded is called the House of Munsö by modernhistorians, because a local tradition claims that he is buried inBjörnshögen at Husby on the island of Munsö. Many of his dynasty wereto be named Björn. Both his two sons Refil and Erik Björnsson were to succeed him on thethrone. | SWEDEN, Bjorn Ragnarsson OF (I1251)
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| 24 | # Name: Brutus (Brwt) King in Britain # Sex: M # Birth: in Italy # Death: in 1091 BC in Britain # Note: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Brutus of Troy, also of Britain (Welsh: Bryttys), was the legendary founding king of Britain and great grandson of Aeneas, according to Geoffrey of Monmouth. Exiled from Italy for the accidental killing of his natural father Silvius, Brutus liberated a group of Trojans living in slavery in Greece and led them forth, received a vision during this wandering that he would found a kingdom in a land inhabited by giants, then after numerous battles in the region of the city of Tours in Gaul, he settled in Britain with the aid of his fellow Trojan Corineus, where they slew the giants living in that island. He is said to have founded the city Troia Nova, later named London. The Celtic tribe that dwelt in the area of London was called the Trinovantes, and one early name of the city named it after them. He created a code of laws for his people before his death. He reigned 23 years. By Ignoge he had three sons - Locrinus, Kamber, and Albanactus - whom on Brutus's death divided the island between them. Geoffrey fixes the time of his death with the statement that Eli was priest in Judea and the Ark of the Covenant was captured by the Philistines, the sons of Hector reigned in Troy, and Aeneas Silvius was ruling Alba Longa in Italy. Although the Historia Britonum, from which Geoffrey drew the core of this story, claims Britain was named after Brutus, this personage has no basis in actual fact, and is generally considered a medieval fiction created to provide a distinguished genealogy for one or more Welsh royal families. The Historia Britonum not only describes Brutus as a descendent of Troy but also places him in the Trojan genealogy, which he probably created himself to relate Troy to the Christian God. Brutus became part of the Matter of Britain, a pseudo-historical account of the events of that island, which was widely accepted as historical fact until the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, when reliable historical records and inscriptions were available and studied by scholars who gradually disproved much of it - but is still occasionally cited in popular or ceremonial accounts in contemporary England. Father: Silvius (Selys Hen) Marriage 1 Ignoge of Greece Children 1. Has Children Locrinus King in Britain 2. Has Children Camber (Cymryw) Dux Cambria & Cornwall | (BRWT), King in Britain Brutus (I1324)
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| 25 | # Name: Coilus (Coel) "Old King Coel" Notable # Sex: M # Title: King of Britain # Birth: in Britain, 60 AD # Death: 170 # _FA1: AKA Coel 'Old King Coel' Coilus Britian. # _FA2: Called Coel Hen, brought corn into Britain. # Note: OLD KING COLE AND THE COLE RACE Meurig (Mathew) Hen was related to Coel Hen (Old King Cole) and is thought to have written of him, from which the poem was later written. As smoking was not then invented it must be assumed that the pipe and bowl were musical instruments equivalent to the modern flute or drum. The children’s nursery song is now believed to have derived from the historical story of Coel Hen (Old King Cole) and because of this, or perhaps for younger readers the poem is reproduced below. Hen is the Welsh word for old. Old King Cole was a merry old soul, And a merry old soul was he. He called for his pipe, and he called for his bowl, And he called for his fiddlers three. Now every fiddler had a fine fiddle, And a very fine fiddle had he. Tweedle dum, tweedle dee, went the fiddlers three, Tweedledum-dee, dum-de-dee, dum-de-dee. Old King Cole was a merry old soul, And a merry old soul was he. He called for his pipe, and he called for his bowl, And he called for his harpers three. Every harper had a fine harp, And a very fine harp had he. Twang-a-twang, twang-a-twang, went the harpers three, Twang-a-twang, twang, twang-a-twang-a-twee. Old King Cole was a merry old soul, And a merry old soul was he. He called for his pipe, and he called for his bowl, And he called for his drummers three. Every drummer had a fine drum, And a very fine drum had he. Rub-a-dub, rub-a-dub, went the drummers three, Rub-a-dub, dub, rub-a-dub-a-dee. The Cole family, referred to as the Cole race, ruled the biggest area of Britain (which at that time consisted of a combined England, Scotland and Wales) which encompassed present day Southern Scotland, Lancashire, Yorkshire, Northumberland and Cumbria. This compared with Wales which was split into five regions and extended east to Lichfield and the rest of Britain consisting of dozens of kingdoms. The arrival and subsequent departure of the Romans did not much alter the Cole dynasty and it was the Danes and Saxons who eventually wiped them out, being completed by about 616. Coel Hen himself (Old King Cole) reigned from about 350 to 420 and prior to Arthur, 'fighting duke' of the Coles, who later became a king. Coel Hen is thought to have ruled South West Scotland, Cumbria and Yorkshire down to York. At the time of which we are speaking the outline of Britain was very much different than it is today. The land mass was much bigger in these dark ages, an example of which is that much of Cardigan Bay was land and a triangle of land existed between the North Wales coast to north of the Ribble. This latter area was occupied by a race of people known as the Setantii. Why no approximate maps exist showing the outline of this island prior to the huge rise in water levels during the dark ages is not understood as it would make the understanding of history very much easier. Not much is known of the Cole race earlier than Coel Hen and his brothers. The brothers were Hen (the oldest) d about 420, Dyfynwal of Dumbarton and Clyde d about 440, Amlauit Wledic (or Lluch) d about 440, ruling East Cumbria, North Lancashire and most of Yorkshire, whose wife was Gwen, daughter of Cunedda and Arthur's maternal Great grandfather. The ruler of Setantii and lower Lancashire was Seithenin. Two of Coel's sons were Ceneu and Gorbanian of whom nothing else is known. Another son was thought to be Meirchawn whose uncle Mor and cousin Morydd were thought to be father and brother of Merlin. Meirchawn had two sons, March 500 - 530 and Llyr Merini, with two sisters Eliffer and Gwenddoleu. Rhodric Mawr was an ancestor of Coel Hen, as was Mathew Hen, son of Brochfael Ysgythrog King of Powys. Seithenin's family was Gwyddno, a son, who died about 470, by which time the sea had submerged his and his fathers kingdom. Another son was Arwystal Cloff who married Tywanwedd, the sister of Arthur's mother Ygerne, and therefore became Arthur's uncle. Arwystal Cloff had a daughter Machell. Another son of Seithenin was Llyr Merini (the 1st of that name, see above) whose name meant Sea Marine. Senewr d. 470 was another son of Seithenin and the last was named Menestry. Seithenin also had a grandson Cei who became one of Arthurs closest companions. Other notes about the Cole or Coel family are as follows. Padarn Peisrudd was the grandfather of Cunedda of Gododin, who with Urien of Rheged and Gwallauc of Elmet were the warrior leaders of the Cole dynasty. Owein the son of Urien was a Cole family member so must have married into the family. Talhearn, who lived at the time of Arthur, was a family member and his son Aneirin died about 600. By the 6th century the Anglo Saxons were pressing the Cole empire seriously, hampered severely by 'King' Arthur and by 547 the Saxon King Ida had taken Northumbria. This was the beginning of the end for the Coles. Although much material is held on the Cole race, nevertheless reference has been made extensively to 'Old King Cole and the Real King Arthur' to collate and extend notes to write this article. Father: Marius King of Siluria b: in Britain 30 AD Mother: Julia of the Iceni b: in Britain 40 AD Marriage 1 Yestradwl verch Cyllin Children 1. Has Children Athildus of the Britons b: in Britain, 80 AD 2. Has Children Lucius of the Britons b: in Britain, 100 AD 3. Has No Children Eugein of the Britons | KING COEL" NOTABLE, Coilus (Coel) "Old (I1292)
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| 26 | # Name: Cunedda King in Britain # Sex: M # Death: in 772 BC # Note: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Cunedagius (Welsh: Kynedda) was a legendary king of the Britons as accounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth. He was the son of Henwinus, Duke of Cornwall, and Regan, the daughter of King Leir. Cunedagius was a legitimate male heir of Leir and despised the rule of the queen, Cordelia, in Britain. With the help of his cousin Marganus, Cunedagius took over the kingdom from Cordelia and ruled half of it. Following Cordelia's suicide, Cunedagius came to rule the region of Britain southwest of the Humber. Two years after they split the island, Marganus invaded Cornwall and destroyed much of the land. Cunedagius met him in battle and defeated him. Marganus fled throughout Britain until he was cornered in Wales. Cunedagius killed him and became king of all of Britain. He ruled all of Britain for 33 years and was succeeded by his son, Rivallo. It is written that in during his reign, Isaiah was making his prophesies in Israel, and Romulus and Remus found Rome. Father: Henwyn Dux Cambria & Cornwall Mother: Regan Marriage 1 Spouse Unknown Children 1. Has Children Rhiwallon King in Britain | BRITAIN, Cunedda King in (I1315)
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| 27 | # Name: Cunobelin (Cymbeline) King of Britons # Sex: M # Birth: in Abt. 44 BC # Death: in 17 AD # _FA1: Slain in 17 AD by Hanno, a Roman. # _FA2: Reigned 10 AD-17 AD. # _FA3: Held court at Camulod (Camulodunum, later Colchester). Father: Tenantius (Tasciovanus) King of Britons b: in Abt. 59 BC Marriage 1 Spouse Unknown Children 1. Has Children Aviragus (Gwenivyth) King of Siluria b: in Isle of Avalon Abt. 10 AD 2. Has Children Caractacus Pendragon King of Britons b: in Britain Abt. 15 BC 3. Has No Children Guiderius King of Britons b: in Britain Abt. 17 BC 4. Has No Children Adminius Pendragon b: in Britain Abt. 10 BC 5. Has No Children Togodummus Pendragon b: in Britain Abt. 8 BC 6. Has No Children Eppillus Pendragon b: in Britain Abt. 5 BC | OF BRITONS, Cunobelin (Cymbeline) King (I1298)
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| 28 | # Name: Dardanus King of Acadia # Sex: M # ALIA: Dardanus /King of Dardania/ # Birth: in 1460 BC # Birth: in BC 1460 # Death: in 1414 BC # Death: in BC 1414 # _FA1: Began reign 12 years after the Exodus (1480 BC). # _FA2: Founded his dynasty in the land now called the Dardanelles (near Istanbul). # Note: [Greek Mythology.FTW] Founder of Trojan Race. Father: Zerah ben Judah b: in 1751 BC Mother: Electra Marriage 1 Batea of Teucri * Married: Children 1. Has Children Erichthonius King of Acadia b: in BC 1420 | ACADIA, Dardanus King of (I1339)
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| 29 | # Name: Emund (Bjorn "a Haugi") OF SWEDEN # NPFX: King # Given Name: Emund (Bjorn "a Haugi") # Surname: of Sweden # Sex: M # Note: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Emund Eriksson (?- ca. 970) was a Swedish king of disputed historicity. According to Adam of Bremen, Emund was allied with HaroldBluetooth. Adam of Bremen only gives Eric the Victorious as successorto Emund, but he does not tell how they were related. He may very well have been the brother of Björn (III) Eriksson, who the Norse sagas name as the father of Eric the Victorious. This would have been in accordance with the Germanic system of co-rulership (Diarchy) in which two brothers were elected kings, and which was evidently used by theSwedes. 1 # Birth: 868 # Death: 956Bjorn "The Old" Eriksson King of Sweden | ERIKSSON, King of Sweden Bjorn (I234)
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| 30 | # Name: Erichthonius King of Acadia # Sex: M # ALIA: Erichthonius /King of Dardania/ # Birth: in BC 1420 # Death: in 1387-1384 BC # Death: in BC 1368 # _FA1: Began reign 3rd year of Joshua (1449 BC). Father: Dardanus King of Acadia b: in 1460 BC Mother: Batea of Teucri Marriage 1 Astyoche * Married: Children 1. Has Children Tros of Acadia King of Troy b: in BC 1375 | ACADIA, Erichthonius King of (I1337)
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| 31 | # Name: Gwrwst King in Britain # Sex: M # Death: in 725 BC # Note: Gurgustius was a legendary king of the Britons as accounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth. He was the son of King Rivallo and was succeeded by Sisillius Father: Rhiwallon King in Britain Marriage 1 Spouse Unknown Children 1. Has Children Seisyll (Serwyl) King in Britain | BRITAIN, Gwrwst King in (I1313)
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| 32 | # Name: Iulus Ascanius King of Alba Longa # Sex: M # Birth: in 1190 BC # Death: in 1137 BC # Note: Ascanius From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (Redirected from Iulus) In Greek and Roman mythology, Ascanius was a son of Aeneas and Creusa. After the Trojan War, Ascanius escaped to Latium in Italy with his father and fought in the Italian Wars. Virgil's Aeneid says he had a role in the founding of Rome as the first king of Alba Longa. He was also called Iulus or Julus. From this name comes the Gens Julia, the Julian family to which Julius Caesar belonged. The name Iulus was popularised by Virgil in his work the Aeneid, replacing the Greek name Ascanius with Iulus to link the Julian family of Rome to earlier mythology. The emperor Augustus, who commissioned the work, was a great patron of the arts. As a member of the Julian family, he could claim to have three major Olympian gods in his family tree, so he encouraged his many poets to present material on his direct descent from Aeneas. Ascanius is also a lake in the region Ascania in Anatolia. It's name is derived from Ashkuza, the Assyrian word for Scythians. See Ashkenazi. Father: Aeneas (The Dardanian) King of Latium b: in 1220 BC Mother: Creusa of Troy | ASCANIUS, King of Alba Longa Iulus (I1327)
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| 33 | # Name: Lleiffer Mawr (Lucius) King of Britons # Sex: M # Birth: BEF 28 MAY 137 in Britain # Death: 3 DEC 201 in St Mary le Lod, Gloucestershire, England # _FA1: Acceded: circa 180 AD. # _FA2: Buried at Gloucester, England. Father: Lucius of the Britons b: in Britain, 100 AD Marriage 1 Gladys verch Eurgen * Married: Children 1. Has Children Cadwalladr de Siluria b: ABT 179 2. Has Children Gladys verch Lleiffer Mawr b: ABT 180 3. Has Children Eurgen of Britain b: ABT 185 | OF BRITONS, Lleiffer Mawr (Lucius) King (I1288)
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| 34 | # Name: Lud of the Britons King of Britons # Sex: M # Birth: in Abt. 80 BC # Death: in 18 BC # _FA1: Reigned 72 BC-62 BC. Father: Beli Mawr the Great King in Britain Notable b: in 110 BC Mother: Anna "The Prophetess" b: in Abt. 115 BC in Jerusalem, Palestine, Judea Marriage 1 Anna of Cornwall b: in Cornwall, Bodmin, England Abt. 98 BC Children 1. Has Children Penardim of the Britons b: in Abt. 64 BC 2. Has Children Tenantius (Tasciovanus) King of Britons b: in Abt. 59 BC 3. Has Children Mandubratius b: in Abt. 57 BC 4. Has No Children Creiddylad verch Lludd b: in Abt. 35 BC 5. Has Children Afallach ap Lludd b: in Abt. 18 BC | BRITONS, Lud of the Britons King of (I1301)
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| 35 | # Name: Odin (Woden\Woutan) of Asgard Notable # Sex: M # Birth: ABT 215 in of Asgard, Asia or eastern Europe # Burial: Troy # Note: Occupation Common ancestor of Heptarchic Kings. The Prose Edda shows the names of other sons who became the Kings of Denmark, Sweden & Norway. They are Skjoldr of Denmark, Saemingr of Norway, & Yngvi of Sweden. Odin was the name of the Nordic Diety. Hengest was the first King of Kent, which was one of the seven kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy, and was the first great grandson of Odin and was descended from Odin's son Wecta. Wehha was the first King of East Anglia, which was one of the seven kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy, and was the fifth great grandson of Odin and was descended from Odin's son Casere. Sledda was the first King of Essex, which was one of the seven kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy, and was the seventh great grandson of Odin and was descended from Odin's son Sexneat. Bernica and Delra (Diera) were two separate kingdoms of Northumbira. Ida was the first King of Bernica, which was part of one of the seven kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy called Northumbria, and was the seventh great grandson of Odin and was descended from Odin's son Beldaeg through Beldaeq's grandson Bernic. Aelli was the first King of Delra (Diera), which was part of one of the seven kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy called Northumbria, and was the ninth great grandson of Odin and was descended from Odin's son Wegdaeg. Icel was the first King of Mercia, which was one of the seven kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy, and was the fourth great grandson of Odin and was descended from Odin's son Wihtlaeg. Cerdic was the first King of Wessex, which was one of the seven kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy, and was the fourth great grandson of Odin and was descended from Odin's son Beldaeg through Beldaeq's grandson Frithugar. The chief divinity of the Norse pantheon, the foremost of the Aesir. Odin is a son of Bor and Bestla. He is called Alfadir, Allfather, for he is indeed father of the gods. With Frigg he is the father of Balder, Hod, and Hermod. He fathered Thor on the goddess Jord; and the giantess Grid became the mother of Vidar. Odin is a god of war and death, but also the god of poetry and wisdom. He hung for nine days, pierced by his own spear, on the world tree. Here he learned nine powerful songs, and eighteen runes. Odin can make the dead speak to question the wisest amongst them. His hall in Asgard is Valaskjalf ("shelf of the slain") where his throne Hlidskjalf is located. From this throne he observes all that happens in the nine worlds. The tidings are brought to him by his two raven Huginn and Muninn. He also resides in Valhalla, where the slain warriors are taken. Odin's attributes are the spear Gungnir, which never misses its target, the ring Draupnir, from which every ninth night eight new rings appear, and his eight-footed steed Sleipnir. He is accompanied by the wolves Freki and Geri, to whom he gives his food for he himself consumes nothing but wine. Odin has only one eye, which blazes like the sun. His other eye he traded for a drink from the Well of Wisdom, and gained immense knowledge. On the day of the final battle, Odin will be killed by the wolf Fenrir. He is also called Othinn, Wodan Monday = Mandag or Månedag (pronounced monedag), meaning the day of the moon. Tuesday = Tyrsdag (pronounced Tüyrsdag) or the day of Tyr. According to Encyclopedia Mythica (http://www.pantheon.org/mythica/), Tyr is "the original Germanic god of war and the patron god of justice, the precursor of Odin". Wednesday = Onsdag or Odinsdag (Odin's day), turned into Wodan's day. Odin is Wotan or Wodan (teutonic rendering of the Norse Odin), the father of gods (Alfadir or All-father). Thursday = Thor's day. Thor is pronounced Thur in Norse. He is the son of Odin from the goddess Jord (which still means Earth), and is the god of thunder. Friday = Freia's (or Freya's) day. Freia is the goddess of love and fertility. Saturday = Washing day. The word itself is not Norse but the meaning is. The original version is Laugerdag or (as it is today) Lørdag, which means washing day (Lauger = Lavar, and Satur- as in "saturation"). Sunday = Søndag (day of the sun, obviously). Old Norse Mythology. The Old Norse Mythology is rather facinating. The ones aqquinted with the world of Tolkien can to some extent recognize themselves when dealing with this mythology. According to the old tales a man with the name of Gylfe, king of Svithiod, once entered the home of the gods and there he was told how the world begun. He met with three beings which had the names: Hög (High), Tredje (Third) and jämnhög (Even Height or something like that ;-). They told him how the world had been created and how everything was done. In the beginning there was the abyss (Ginnungagapet), North of this there was Nifelheim, the world of cold where Cold and Darkness rules. Frosty mists rose from the cold well of Hvergelmer. In the south there was the hot Muspelheim, a place where the being Surte ruled with a flaming sword. The mists from Hvergelmer formed the frozen stream of Elivågor which flowed in to the Ginnungagap and filled it with ice. But at the same time flares from Muspelheim fell into the abyss and the falling drops which became the result of the mix of flares and ice formed two giant beings: A cow with the name 'Audhumbla' and a giant named 'Ymer'. Ymer got his food from the cow by means of four mouths which he used to milk the cows four nipples. Audhumbla in turn lived on the white frost ont the rocks. Her warm breath created a man called Bure wich by some mysterious way managed to get hold of a wife (it is not described how) and they where the first of the Asa dynasty of which Oden, Vile and Ve would be the greatest. Ymer on his side created several different creatures. From his left arm a lovely couple sprung, from which the three fates Urd, Verdandi, Skuld (Guilt) and the wise Mimer came. His feet on the other hand created a three headed monster wich became the ancestor of the Rimtusarnas evil giant family. Oden, wich destiny had choosen to become the one who would fullfill the creation, killed the giant Ymer (with help from his two brothers) and used his body as a ground for the new world. His blood became the sea (Where all the Rimtusarnas but one drowned). His skull became the sky. The bones in his sceleton became mountains, his brain the clouds and his tissues was grinded in the great mill 'Grottekvarnen', around whose main axis the universe turned, to become the dirt. The mill was driven by the giantesses Fenja and Menja. Ymers Eyebrows became a wall against the inhabitable surroundings. This new world was called Midgård. The world down under was divided into three kingdoms each one with its own well. Hvergelmer, Mimers well and Urda well.From the Ginnungagap a large ash with the name 'Ygdrasil' grow. The branches of Ygdrasil covered all the then known world.In Hvergelmer the dragon Nidh”g lies and gnaws on the rots of the tree. Mimers well on the other hand is the well of wisedom, guarded by Mimer, Oden once gave his right eye for a drink of the water in this well. At Urdawell which is guarded by the three fates the gods have their conferences each day. They ride daily over the bridge Bifrost, a bridge which shimmers in all the colours of the rainbow and is watched by the god Heimdal (also called Rig), nine mothers and nine sisters son and beholder of Gjallarhornet which is nordic tales last trump . Heimdal sleeps lighter than the bird, sees one hundred traveldays in each direction from his castle Himinbjorg and has such sharp hearing that he can hear the grass and the wool grow. Once when Oden and his brothers where out taking a walk at the shore of the sea in Midgård, he found two Sceptring (?) trees with the names Ask and Embla. They set them free from the earth and gave them blood, power of motion, intelligence, will, fantasy and spirit. They where formed after their own appearence. From this couple the whole humanity evolved. The fate Urd gives every human a being called Fylgia at birth . This being are to follow her throughout his/her life. Odens wife is called Frigg, and his sons ar called Tor and Balder. Tor is the strongest of the gods and is allways in war with the giants. He is armed with his 'strength belt' Megingjord and the hammer 'Mjölner' which like a boomerang allways return to his hand after a throw. He is travelling through space in a wagon which is pulled by the goats 'Tandgniostr' and 'Tandgrisner'. About his fights with the giants there is a lot of fascinating stories which have the character of folklore tales and which most certainly never have been accepted by the believing. As the god of thunder he enjoyed respectfull worshiping from the believers which can be proved by among other things the surviving names on villages (Thorsvik) and in other words like 'tordön' (The sound of lightning), torsdag (Thursday). Balder on the other hand was the god of battle but got some of the characteristics of christ when the christian faith became known in the nordic countries. There is no certain proof that he really was the focus for some serious worshipping. Any way, the story about Balder is rather fascinating. In Snorre Sturlassons Edda he was portraied as Balder the kind. He was residing in his stronghold Breidablick. He was the kindest and the justest (?) of the gods. He was therefore loved of all the living beings in the world. Therefore his mother took a promise from all the living not to hurt him and cause of this Balder was invunerable. The gods therefore used him for target pracitizing, the arrows they used just bounced of him. But there where one plant which his mother had forgotten to ask and that was the misteltoe. One of the creatures in the 'inner circle' around the gods was the devious Loke (who really was of a giant family allthough he had been taken up by the gods) who when he realized the mistake made by Balders mother, quickly made an arrow of the misteltoe and instructed Balders blind brother, Höder, to shot it in a certain direction. The arrow hit Balder and he was promptly killed. The following story reminds a bit of the greek story where 'Persefone' and 'Prometheus' get's in more or less the same situation. The chocked gods tried to get Balder back from the kingddom of death. But failed due to the sly Loke which had disguised himself as an old woman with the name Töck. Loke got his punishment, he was caught in the river when he was trying to escape in the shape as a salmon. He was chained with his sons (Nares) Bowels to a rock just under a jut where a viper constantly drips his venom on the poor fellows face. Sigyn, his belowed, stays with him and tries to ease the pain by collecting the venom in a bowl but when the bowl is full and she i away to empty it Loke gets the poison in his face and he trembles in his agony, and with him the rest of the world. Some of the creatures which stems from Loke is Fenrisulven and Midgårdsormen. Midgårdsormen was thrown in to the sea where he growed rapidly so that he eventually encircled the earth and bit himself in the tail. Fenrisulven on the other hand was adopted by the gods (which proved to be a big mistake). The playful puppy soon growed into a monster which strength and hostility threatened the other gods. Therefore they tried to bind him with a chain (with name Gleipner) made of iron which he promptly ripped apart. They made a new leash made of, among other things, the beard from women, the roots of the mountains, the sound of steps from a cat, the spitt from the bird and other equally rare materials. This very soft and thin rope was shown to Fenrisulven and he was offered to rip it apart. Fenrisulven, which suspeceted foul play, was rather reluctant to take the offer. Only when the god Tyr put his hand in to his mouth did he allow the rope to be pulled over the head. When he found out that he was tricked he thus in anger bit the hand of Tyr and thats the story behind Tyrs:s lost right hand... There are other gods in the family, Like Brage (The god with the long beard) which sits at home in his fathers stronghold and uses his time to drink beer and write poems. There is 'Forsete', son of Balder, who is the god of justice and lives in the heavenly hall Glitner. The silent Vidar which rules over the lower regions where the last battle will be held. Njord, son of a allegory daughter to Mimer with the name Natt (Night) and brother to Odens wife Frigg, belongs to a different breed called vanerna and is in the beginning in Asgård as hostage. He is the god of richeness and the protector of sailors. He commands the weather. His wife the skiing Skade is born in the mountains. Therefore she doesn't like beeing in Njords Stronghold 'Noatun' as she can't stand the screaming of the sea gulls. On the other hand Njord can't stand the howling from the wolfs in Skades mountains. Therefore they are living separately. Njords son is named Frej (or frö), and he rules over the fertility on earth. Frö:s sister, Freja (or Fröja) which resides in the castle Folkvang, most fittingly rules over love. These brothers and sisters have rather complicated marriage relations. But Frejas husband seems to be Svipdag or Hermod while Frej after some persuasion managed to get a fair looking giantess with the name Gerd. Of the dynasty of the vanerna was furthermore Nanna, which became wife to Balder (she got a chrushed heart when he was killed). Other gods and godesses comes from the dynasty of elfs which in turn can be divided in to black elfs and light elfs. Only the light elfs are of any importance in this matter. To this dynasty belongs, among other, the fairheaded Siv, wife of Tor in the wooden castle Bilskirnir (the greatest of all timebered houses) int the land of Trudvang. They had sons with the name of: Magne and Mode. Idun, wife of Brage, which made the wonderfull apples which gave the gods their eternal youth. Ivalde, which in the beginning of time was the guardian against the Rumtusarerna at Elivågor. He had a son , Valand (or as he also was called: Limping Valand or Völand), which was a blacksmith an whom one of the sadest edda stories is about. The seagod Ägir which is related to the giants but neveretheless has good relations to the gods and his wife the unfaithfull Ran which brings unhappiness to the humans. To the gods one also counts, Billing and Delling, which is the morning glow and the sunset. The young maid Geifon, the litterary Saga which guards the mead of wisdom which comes from the river of Sökvabäck and fills the horn of the moon. Father: Frithuwald (Bor) b: ABT 190 in of Asgard, Asia or eastern Europe Mother: Beltsa of Asgard b: BET 194 AND 195 in of Asgard, Asia or eastern Europe Marriage 1 Friege (Frea , Frigg) \of Asgard b: ABT 219 in of Asgard, Asia or eastern Europe * Married: Children 1. Has No Children Saemingr of Asgard King of Norway b: ABT 235 2. Has Children Wecta of Asgard b: ABT 236 3. Has Children Skjoldr of Asgard King of Denmark & Norway b: ABT 237 in of Hleithra, Denmark 4. Has Children Waegdaeg of Asgard b: ABT 238 in Hleithra, Denmark 5. Has Children Casere of Asgard b: ABT 239 in Hleithra, Denmark 6. Has Children Sexneat of Asgard b: ABT 240 7. Has Children Baeldaeg of Asgard b: 243 in Scandinavia 8. Has No Children Winta of Asgard b: ABT 244 9. Has No Children Yngvi of Asgard King of Sweden b: ABT 245 in Uppsala, Sweden 10. Has Children Wihtlaeg of Asgard b: 246 in Hleithra, Denmark | Odin (Wotan) of ASGARD (I1282)
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| 36 | # Name: Ragnar Lodbrok OF DENMARK # NPFX: King # Given Name: Ragnar Lodbrok # Surname: of Denmark # Sex: M # Note: Family 1 Aslaug Sigurdsdottir b. circa 755 Children 1. Halfdan "White Shirt" King of Dublin d. 8773 2. Sigurd "Snake in the Eye" Ragnarson+ b. c 776, d. 8731,3 3. Bjorn "Ironside" Ragnarsson+ b. c 780, d. a 8627 Family 2 Thora Herraudsdottir b. circa 765 Children 1. Eric b. c 8001 2. Alof Ragnarsdottir b. c 8152 Family 3 Kraka b. circa 800 Child 1. Ivar "The Boneless" Ragnarsson King of Dublin+ b. c 825, d. 8733 http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~havens5/p30278.htm See Snorre's Saga and the Icelandic Landnamobok (Book of Settlment). Many historians regard much of the genealogy at this point to be purely legendary, or even mythical. Of him Stuart says, "Danish king at Lethra said to have perished in a Northumbrian snake pit; b.c750; d.845 [95 years old and still on the battlefield ?!].3,6 Ragnar Sigurdsson "Lodbrok" was born circa 760 at Uppsala, Sweden. This birthdate is just a guess, tho some say that he was born as early as 750 others as late as 800. Flourished in the 9th century, was a Viking whose life passed into legend in medieval European literature. In the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Ragnar was said to be the father of three sons, Halfdan, Inwaer (Ivar the Boneless), and Hubba (Ubbe), who led a Viking invasion of East Anglia in 865 seeking to avenge Ragnar's murder. In the European literature of the several centuries following Ragnar's death, his name is surrounded with considerable legend. In the Gesta Danorum (c. 1185) of the Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus, he was a 9th-century Danish king whose campaigns included a battle with the Holy Roman emperor Charlemagne. According to Saxo's legendary history, Ragnar was eventually captured by the Anglo-Saxon king Aella of Northumbria and thrown into a snake pit to die. This story is also recounted in the later Icelandic works Ragnars saga lodbrókar and Tháttr af Ragnarssonum. The 12th-century Icelandic poem Krákumál provides a romanticized description of Ragnar's death and links him in marriage with a daughter of Sigurd (Siegfried) and Brynhild (Brunhild), figures from the heroic literature of the ancient Teutons. The actions of Ragnar and his sons are also recounted in the Orkney Islands' poem Háttalykill.2 Note* Other children given by Hull are: (1) female, Ragnhildir: (2) Ragnarsdottir, Alof and (3)Ragnarsson, Ubbe. He may have had a wife named Thora who MAY have been the mother of Alof.3,9 Yes, Bjørn Ironside certainly played an important role in France. His father Ragnar Lodbrok can be identified in contemporary Frankish annals with his nickname Lodbrok translated to Hoseri (in German language Hosen), meaning fur or leather breeches. Variations are Ogier and Oschery. He operated from the Seine to the border of Spain from 840 to 851. He conquered Aquitania from the Franks, and he used Bordeaux as his stronghold for years. This conquer, one out of more, included Poitou, which in the sagas is called Peita. Saxo is saying Petiæ and that Ragnar conquered Petiæ. this is confirmed in annals. This is the district in the Loire area. In Western Europe his sons are more reported. Ragnar Lodbrok himself were operating more in East Europe.7 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Ragnar Lodbrok and King EllaRagnarr Loðbrók or Ragnar Lodbrok was asemi-legendary King of Denmark and Sweden who reigned sometime in theeighth or ninth centuries. Although he is something of a hero in hisnative Scandinavia, reliable accounts of his life are very sketchy andheavily based on ancient Viking sagas. Even the dating of his reign isnot certain; there are sources that date it from 750–794, and othersfrom 860–865. Neither matches with what we know of him, and heprobably held power as a warlord from approximately 835 to his deathin 865, perhaps only being recognized as king in the last five yearsof his life. Contents [showhide] 1 Life 2 Raids 2.1 France 2.2 England 3 Legacy 4 Mythology Life Ragnar was a pagan who claimed to be a direct descendant of the godOdin. One of his favorite strategies was to attack Christian cities onholy feast days, knowing that many soldiers would be in church. Raids He spent most of his life as a pirate and raider, invading one countryafter another. He would generally accept a huge payment to leave hisvictims alone, only to come back later and demand more riches inexchange for leaving. But as the extent of his realm shows, he wasalso a gifted military leader. [edit] France By 845, he was a powerful ruler, and most likely a contemporary of thefirst ruler of Russia, the Viking Rurik. It is said he was alwaysseeking new adventures because he was worried that his freebootingsons would do things that outshined his own achievements. In that year, he sailed southward, looking for new worlds to conquer.With 120 ships and 5,000 Viking warriors, he landed in modern France,probably at the Seine estuary, and ravaged West Francia, as thewesternmost part of the Frankish empire was then known. Also in 845, Paris was captured and held ransom by a Viking raider,whom the sagas say was Ragnar Lodbrok. The traditional date for thisis March 28, which is today referred to as Ragnar Lodbrok Day by manyScandinavians. The King of West Francia, Charlemagne’s grandsonCharles II "The Bald", paid him a fantastic amount of money not todestroy the city. Ragnar Lodbrok, according to Viking sources, wassatisfied with no less than 7,000 pounds of silver in exchange forsparing the city. However, that did not stop Ragnar from attackingother parts of France, and it took a long time for the Franks to drivehim out. England After he was done with France, he turned his attention to England. In865, he landed in Northumbria on the northeast coast of England. It isclaimed that here he was defeated in battle for the only time, by KingAelle of Northumbria. Ella’s men captured Ragnar, and the King orderedhim thrown into a pit filled with poisonous snakes. As he was slowlybeing bitten to death, he was alleged to have exclaimed "How thelittle pigs would grunt if they knew the situation of the old boar!" Legacy One Viking saga states that when his four sons heard the manner of hisdeath, they all reacted in great sorrow. Hvitserk, who was playingchess, gripped the piece so hard that he bled from his fingernails.Björn Ironside grabbed a spear so tightly that he left an impressionin it, and Sigurd Snake-Eye, who was trimming his nails, cut straightthrough to the bone. Ragnar’s fourth son, Ivar the Boneless soon learned the details of hisfather’s death and swore that he would avenge his father’s killing, intime-honored Viking tradition. In 866, Ivar crossed the North Sea witha large army, met King Ella in battle, and captured him. He sentencedhim to die according to the custom of Rista Blodörn, an exceedinglypainful death. Although this story may not be accurate, like virtuallyall tales concerning Ragnar Lodbrok, his death had seriousconsequences. Ivor was the mastermind behind the attacks on theEnglish mainland in the final quarter of the ninth century. He invadedEast Anglia, and the following year attacked York. He was aided by theinternal struggle for power in Northumbria—which he was of courseresponsible for by killing Ella. These wars were a prelude to the longstruggle of the Saxons of Alfred the Great against the "Danes" ageneration later. Meanwhile, in France, the Vikings kept coming back for more booty.Among their feats was destroying the city of Rouen several times.Ultimately, many of them settled there permanently, in a land thatbecame known as Normandy (for "Northmen", as the Franks called theVikings). Mythology Bragi Boddason is said to have composed the Ragnarsdrapa for theSwedish king Björn at Hauge. However, this does not correspond to whatwe know about the historical Ragnar. It is consequently said that inthe Icelandic sagas, he was identified with a Swedish king Ragnar(770-785), the son of Sigurd Ring. According to legend, he marriedAslaug and became the son-in-law of Sigurd the Völsung. 1 2 # Birth: in Norway # Death: 865 in England Father: Sigurd Ranvarsson OF DENMARK b: 710 Mother: Alfhild Gandalvsdatter OF LETHRA Marriage 1 Aslaug SIGURDSDATTER FAYNESBANE Children 1. Has Children Sigurd RAGNARSON 2. Has Children Ivar "the boneless" OF DUBLIN AND YORK 3. Has Children Bjorn Ragnarsson OF SWEDEN | LODBROK, Ragnar Sigurdsson (I1252)
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| 37 | # Name: Rhiwallon King in Britain # Sex: M # Death: in 750 BC # Note: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Rivallo (Welsh: Rriallon) was a legendary king of the Britons as accounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth. He was the son of King Cunedagius and reigned frugally. During his time as king, it rained blood for three days and men died from the flies that swarmed (ii.15). He was succeeded by his son, Gurgustius. Father: Cunedda King in Britain Marriage 1 Spouse Unknown Children 1. Has Children Gwrwst King in Britain 2. Has Children Son of Rhiwallon | BRITAIN, Rhiwallon King in (I1314)
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| 38 | # Name: Seisyll (Serwyl) King in Britain # Sex: M # Death: in 721 BC # Note: Sisillius I (Welsh: Saessyllt I) was a legendary king of the Britons as accounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth. He was preceded by Gurgustius and succeeded by Jago. Father: Gwrwst King in Britain Marriage 1 Spouse Unknown Children 1. Has Children Antonius Dux Cornwall 2. Has Children Kimarcus King in Britain | IN BRITAIN, Seisyll (Serwyl) King (I1312)
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| 39 | # Name: Tenantius (Tasciovanus) King of Britons # Sex: M # Birth: in Abt. 59 BC # Death: in 26 BC # _FA1: Reigned 48 BC- 20 BC. # _FA2: King in SE Britain. Seat at Colchester, Essex. Father: Lud of the Britons King of Britons b: in Abt. 80 BC Mother: Anna of Cornwall b: in Cornwall, Bodmin, England Abt. 98 BC Marriage 1 Spouse Unknown Children 1. Has Children Cunobelin (Cymbeline) King of Britons b: in Abt. 44 BC 2. Has No Children Epaticcus | OF BRITONS, Tenantius (Tasciovanus) King (I1300)
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| 40 | # Name: Tros of Acadia King of Troy # Sex: M # Birth: in BC 1375 # Death: in abt 1281 BC # Death: in BC 1328 # _FA1: Builder of Troy. # Note: [Greek Mythology.FTW] Also King of Trojans. Trojan Founder. Father: Erichthonius King of Acadia b: in BC 1420 Mother: Astyoche Marriage 1 Callirhoe Ilium Queen of Troy * Married: Children 1. Has Children Ilus King of Troy b: in BC 1345 2. Has Children Assaracus Prince of Troy b: in BC 1340 3. Has No Children Ganymede | TROY, Tros of Acadia King of (I1335)
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| 41 | # Name: Zerah ben Judah # Sex: M # Birth: in 1751 BC # Death: in 1529-1480 BC # Death: in 1592-1480 BC # _FA1: Rebelled against his brother Pharez & fled Egypt. Father: Judah ben Israel King of Goshen b: in 1805 BC Hebron Palestine Mother: Tamar of Kadesh Marriage 1 Electra * Married: Children 1. Has Children Dardanus King of Acadia b: in 1460 BC 2. Has Children Zimri ben Zarah 3. Has Children Ethan ben Zarah 4. Has No Children Heman ben Zarah 5. Has No Children Calcol ben Zarah Marriage 2 Hera Children 1. Has No Children Ares ben Zera 2. Has No Children Hebe ben Zera 3. Has No Children Hephaestus ben Zera 4. Has No Children Eileithyia ben Zera | JUDAH, Zerah ben (I1341)
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| 42 | # of Riis (Ods H.), mentioned 1302, was the 1313 one by Peder Porses Forlovere, mate switched 1323 Freight in Ods District to "his brother" Jep Axelsen, is easily the Stigotus to 1326 besegelde authenticated with Jakob Hafræ calling him Fili mee auunculus, sealed in 1329 to Vitterlighed resemblance to Gregers Pedersen Hak and leads 1339 Hak-weapon, lived 13 March 1341 # STIG PEDERSEN of Riis (Odsherred). It is unclear whether it is this or Stig Pedersen of Krognos genus (see DAA 1893, 272) which appear in letters 1302 and 1313th Led Hak-Seal 1326, 1339 and 1341st Exclusively known through freight operations or medbesegler 1323-1341; known as death 1352 | HAK, Stig Pedersen (I1721)
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| 43 | 14 children Boleslaw (Boleslaus, Boleslan) III (The Wry-Mouthed), king of Poland, 1102-1138, reunited the Polish kingdom by defeating his half-brother who had been left half of it by their father. His half-brother had the assistance of the emperor and of other lords. After prolonged effort he managed to establish Polish authority over the south Baltic from the mouth of the Vistula to the Oder (Pomerania). He entrusted the Christianization of its people to the bishop of Bamberg. In 1135 he signed a treaty with Emperor Lothair II which invested him with Pomerania and Rugen as fiefs of the empire. Before he died he divided his realm among his four sons and left to the eldest the overlordship of the whole. Dictionary of Medieval Civilization by Joseph Dahmus Boleslaw III Wrymouth Boleslaw III Krzywousty; 1085 - 1138) was Duke of Poland from 1102. He was the son of Duke Wladyslaw I Herman and Judith of Bohemia, daughter of Vratislaus II of Bohemia. Boleslaw Wrymouth defeated the Pomeranians at the Battle of Naklo (1109) and took control of Pomerania (1119-1123), thus regaining Polish access to the Baltic Sea. The local government of the Pomeranians was left in place. Boles?aw also defeated Emperor Henry V (1109) in the Battles of G?ogów and Psie Pole (the latter also known, in German translation, as the Battle of Hundsfeld). In the years 1113-1119 he had taken control over Pomerania.[1] In 1135, Boleslaw gave a tribute to Emperor Lothair II (Lothar von Supplinburg) and the emperor received from Boleslaw parts of Western Pomerania and Rügen as fiefs. Boleslaw also campaigned in Hungary 1132 - 1135, but to little effect. With his first wife, Zbyslava, daughter of Grand Duke Sviatopolk II of Kiev, Boles?aw had one son: * Wladyslaw II the Exile (born 1105), King of Poland. Boleslaw subsequently married Salome von Berg-Schelklingen, by whom he had 14 children (six sons and eight daughters), of whom four sons and five daughters are known: * Boles?aw IV the Curly (born 1125); * Mieszko III the Old (born 1126); * Henryk of Sandomierz (born 1127); * Casimir II the Just (born 1138); * Rikissa of Poland (born April 12, 1116), who married firstly Magnus the Strong, pretender of Sweden and Denmark; secondly Volodar of Polatsk, Prince of Minsk; and thirdly king Sverker I of Sweden * Dobronega of Poland (born 1128), who married Marquis Dietrich of Niederlausitz; * Gertruda of Poland; * Judith of Poland (born 1132), who married Otto I of Brandenburg; and * Agnes of Poland (born 1137), who married Mstislav II of Kiev. Before his death in 1138, Boleslaw Wrymouth published his testament (Boleslaw Wrymouth's testament) dividing his lands among four of his sons. The "senioral principle" established in the testament stated that at all times the eldest member of the dynasty was to have supreme power over the rest and was also to control an indivisible "senioral part": a vast strip of land running north-south down the middle of Poland, with Kraków its chief city. The Senior's prerogatives also included control over Pomerania, a fief of the Holy Roman Empire. The "senioral principle" was soon broken, leading to a period of nearly 200 years of Poland's feudal fragmentation. | III, Prince of Poland Boleslaw (I203)
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| 44 | 1484-95 County Sheriff Birgitte Olufsdatter Thott of Dronningholm Len Birgitte Thott was a major landowner and was married to the Swedish Councillor of State and lagmand Erengisle Nilsson, who died 1469. She was in dispute with her husband's children of first marriage over her Swedish castles, and with her stepmother, Anne Present, over the ownership of Vallø-Castle, which Birgitte had inherited from her mother, Karen Falk. She was supported by the Danish king, who appointed her Lensmand (County Sheriff) of the Royal Lands of Dronningholm, and as such she was in charge of local administration. She sold many of her possessions to king Hans. Much of her troubles with inheritance and keeping on to her lands must be seen as a result of her having no children. (d. 1498) Thott, Birgitte Olufsen daughter - o .1498, daughter of Oluf Axelsen T. to Vallø and his first wife, Karen Jensdatter Falk. She was o. 1440 was married to the Swedish counselor, Knight Erngisle Nilsson to Hammarstad in Sødermanland. Already 1452 is she by Carl Knutsson and the Swedish counselor have been burned because she had obtained King Christian of news from Sweden, but was for his family's sake, pardoned by life imprisonment in Kalmar convent from which she escaped, presumably because King Christian the following year, became king of Sweden. After Erngisle Nilsson's Death (Feb. 1464) exclaimed a multitude of controversies both on Vallø as her younger sister, Birgitte after those of his father, Oluf Axelsen (d. 1464), Measures had been taken, partly on Hammarstad with Knight Erngisle Gjede that was married to Mrs. B. s Stifdatter, also named Birgit. His claims upon Vallø Mrs. BO sold to Queen Dorothea, both she and King Christian kept under these quarrels with Mrs. B.; both were at war with the mighty sons Axel and Sten Sture, who was married to an Thott and finally at bargain came into possession of Hammarstad. Mrs. B. was accused of presenting a series of forged letters to the Court concerning all these facts and her own writer professed his part in the forgeries. Under these conditions had Mrs. B. 1478 leave Sweden, she spent 20 years in Denmark, bl. a. at the Royal Forlening Dronningholm by Basketry, later in the Snow troupe in Halland. When her younger aforementioned Sister Birgitte in 1483 were destined for Niels Eriksen Rosenkrantz, prisoners in King Hans' charter clause that the king or queen was not to pledge or buy Gods of knighthood, and this determination was most retroactively to Vallø estate. The crown kept still with the older Mrs. B., and the thing was on, right to Frederick In 1523 had to give back the disputed goods to Niels Eriksen's heirs, it was thus at last the crown, which had fine for Mrs. B's frauds, and hardly lost when the Crown itself had become entangled in the case (compare detailed XIV, 274 f.). It was Mrs. B. However, long dead, she mentioned last time 1498, but even in Christian III's time, Niels Eriksen Rosenkrantz 'heirs, including Tyge Crab and Eric Banner, disputes about' leaders' (now Baltic ores in Stockholm) with King Gustav Vasa because of conditions that stemmed from Mrs. B. of Hammarstads Time. | THOTT, Birgitte Olufsdatter (I1988)
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| 45 | 15. Johanne Andersdatter Eberstein, married Niels Ovensen of Asdal Verification: Johanne Andersdatter Eberstein is Anders' daughter according to the genealogy database at www.kittymunson.com. She married a Niels Ovesen according to the same database, but no information about any kids, which would complete the link to the Reventlow database, is given. Verification: The Reventlow family database contains Niels Ovesen Sappi Panter. No wife is given. http://www.torske.net/O/Oeksendal/Lynne_family_tree.html # var 1327 Medudsteder af et Vidne af Vendsyssel Ting, var den anden af Udstederne, idet kun Ove Nielsen (Panter) nævnes før ham, beseglede 1331 Hr. Laurens Jonsen (Panter)'s Overenskomst med Greve Gert og fører Korset i sit Sigil, pantsatte 1341 Gods i Ladagermagle og Kolby (Ramsø H.) til Henneke Sylow, var s. A. Forlover for Kong Valdemar, havde 1344 forstrakt Hr. Peder vendelbo med en Sum Penge, som da blev ham betalt af Johannes Kaas, levede endnu 1360 # Stenbrikke + En Gammel jysk i midten af det femtende Aarh. uddød Slægt, hvis Vaaben var et korsdelt Skjold, Pælen Blaa, Bjelken rød i Sølv-Felt, paa Hjelmen et af Blaat og Sølv og et af Sølv og Rødt delt Vesselhorn, hvert besat med tre Paafjer. Det Vaabenbogs-Navn, hvorunder den anføres, har den formentligt aldrig selv kendt; men under det angiver vor Kilde, Fru Jytte Gyldenstierne, ogsaa en Variant af Vaab´net, nemlig et af Sort og Guld skaktavlet Kors i Sølv Felt, der sikkert er det samme Vaaben, som i Fru Anne Trolles Vaabenbog opføres under Navnet Stenkryst; et af Sølv og Sort skaktavlet Kors i Sølv-Felt; paa Hjelmen to tre gange tværdelte Vesselhorn, vexelvis delte af Sort og Sølv; men de bevarede Sigiler vise et slet, ikke skaktavlet Kors. http://finnholbek.dk/genealogy/getperson.php?personID=I19382&tree=2 http://www.danbbs.dk/~stst/slaegt_adel/stenbrikke.htm | EBERSTEIN, Johanne Andersdatter (I81)
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| 46 | 15. Johanne Andersdatter Eberstein, married Niels Ovensen of Asdal Verification: Johanne Andersdatter Eberstein is Anders' daughter according to the genealogy database at www.kittymunson.com. She married a Niels Ovesen according to the same database, but no information about any kids, which would complete the link to the Reventlow database, is given. Verification: The Reventlow family database contains Niels Ovesen Sappi Panter. No wife is given. http://www.torske.net/O/Oeksendal/Lynne_family_tree.html http://awt.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:2043614&id=I08625 The coat of arms of the Panter-family was a blue shield with a panter in skaktavlmønster (chessboardpattern) in silver and red. In the 1300s the Panter-family was in opposition to Valdemar Atterdag. It is known that the king captured their manor Clausholm. | PANTER, Nils Ovesen Asdal (I80)
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| 47 | 1540-41 Acting County Sheriff Anne Henriksdatter Friis of Åstrup Len with Vennebjerg and Jerslev Herreds Anne Friis was the second wife of Ove Vincentsen Lunge, who had 3 daughters with his first wife, Karen Rosenkrantz and 8 children by her. | FRIIS, Anne Henriksdatter (I61)
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| 48 | 16. Andres Nielsen of Asdal, died 1405, married Ide Sydersk Holck, died 1447 http://www.torske.net/O/Oeksendal/Lynne_family_tree.html | HOLCK, Ide Lydersdatter (I79)
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| 49 | 1610-15 Lensmand Beate Huitfeldt til Møllerød of Gersherred Len, in Skåne 1615-26 Lensmand of St. Peders Kloster in Lund Married to Knud Ebbesen Ulfeldt til Svenstorp (d. 1586). Mistress of the Court Hofmesterinde of Queen Anna Cathrine von Brandenburg from 1597 until her death in 1612 and for the three young princes until 1617. She was given the tenantcy of Gers Herred i Skåne and 1615 med St. Peders Kloster i Lund, also Skåne. Mother of one son, and lived (1554-1626). 1615-27 Acting Lensmand Beate Hvitfeld of Lunde Sankt Peders Kloster The owner of Møllerød, she was in charge of the tenantcy after the death of her husband, Knud Ulfeld. http://www.guide2womenleaders.com/Denmark_lensmaend.htm http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=sv&u=http://www.algonet.se/~sylve_a/svenstp.htm | HUITFELDT, Beate Christoffersdatter (I1362)
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| 50 | 1641-51 Joint Lensmand Leonora Christine Christiansdatter Countess af Slesvig og Holsten of Hørsholm Len 1643-64 Politically Influential in Denmark In 1641 her father, King Christian 4 granted her the tenantcy for life jointly with her husband, Corfitz Ulfeldt. Two years later he was appointed Chancellor of the Realm (Rigskansler), and since there was no Queen, she was de-facto first-Lady at the court. The death of her father in 1648 was followed by a power-struggle, which she and her husband lost. Her half-brother, Frederik 3, was elected king, but she and her husband continued to provoke the reigning couple. In 1651 they left the country and stayed by Queen Christina of Sweden until 1654, and then in Germany. In 1657 her husband sided with the Swedes during the war with Denmark, which Denmark lost. In 1659 her husband was charged with treason against the Swedish king, he was hit by a stroke, and she was in charge of his defence. They escaped to Denmark, where they were held in captivity until they were freed in 1662, after signing a number of humiliating declarations. Later the same year they were permitted to go abroad for treatment of Corfitz Ulfeldt, who had never recovered from the stroke, and during their travels, he made all kinds of plans against his brother-in-law. In 1663 she went to king Charles II to claim an old loan, but he gave her up to the Danes, she was transferred to Copenhagen and was put in prison in Blåtårn at the Royal Castle of Copenhagen, where she spend 22 years, while her husband died already in 1664. She was not freed until the death of her sister-in-law, Queen Sophie-Amalie, in 1685. During her time in Blåtårn, she wrote "Jammersmide" (Memory of Lamenting), one of the first Danish autobiographies by a woman, which was not published until 1869, though. She spent the rest of her life at the castle, Maribo Kloster. She was the mother of 10 children, and lived (1621-98). http://www.guide2womenleaders.com/Denmark_lensmaend.htm http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~mjstern/Leonora%20Christina.htm Leonora Christina (1621-98) Daughter of Christian IV (1588-1648) and Kirstine Munk. Leonora’s parents were not married in Church and she was not recognized as a princess. Instead she was given the title of countess of Schleswig Holstein (now a part of Germany). Her times; the establishment of an absolute monarchy in Denmark where a progressive notion of the economy was coupled with the strict regulation of intellectual and spiritual life. 1636—marries Corfitz Ulfeldt, a favorite of the king—known as the signer of a peace treaty with Holland, as a traitor, and now, mainly as leonora’s husband. Christian dies in 1648, is succeeded by leonora’s uncle Frederik III and his Queen Sophie Amalie who is jealous of L and U ‘s power and influence. 1651: there is a probe of Ulfeldt’s conduct—he is found to have taken money off the top of some govt’t contracts. He and Leonora flee to Stockholm and he is declared an enemy of the state. He becomes an open traitor when he supports the Swedes when they attack the Danes. The Swedish King Karl X Gustav, however begins to suspect Ulfeldt and sentences him to death. 1657: Swedish victory—treaty of Roskilde—Danes lose skane, blekinge and halland.Ulfeldt and Leonora flee to Copenhagen where they are arrested and sent to the island of Bornholm, Hammerhus castle is their jail for 1 and 1/2 years. They are released but Ulfeldt continues his intrique, he is forced to flee the country, and Leonora is arrested while on a trip to England. She is imprisoned in Copenhagen castle from Aug. 8 1663-May 19, 1685. Leonora’s Christine’s authorship: 10 Chronicles of her experience set in the light of political events: 1) Kong Karl X Gustav’s Bryllup (1654) 2) Rejsen til Kørsør (1656) 3) Confrontationen I Malmö (1659) trial 4) French autobiography (1673) 5) Jamersminde: ist third Aug. 8-Aug.31—imprisonment and doubt to religious experience,2nd part—realist depictions, 3) experience with a series of women. 6) Postumous work: Hæltindes Pryd (not published until 1977 Herione’s adornment) : series of sketches of both mythological and historical heroines. She writes here : “The soul is no regarder of sex and remains unchanged by outward aspect and form.” Jammersmind: autobiography as resistance and the construction of the Lutheran subject in a personal relationship to God. The text opens up with an address to her children: There she compares her self to Job and argues that while it might be better to forget one’s sorrows and burdens, she desires to remember them, to write them down as a testament to how these sorrows, while an earthly burden, are as light as a grain of sand when viewed from the optic of the eternal. She goes on to state that her sorrows were the vehicle through which her relationship to God and her understanding of his mercy developed. It is here that we can see that the Birgitine notion of revelation and witness, the woman as the vehicle of divine law, is replaced by the woman who experiences a direct relationship with the eternal. The notion of subjectivity has changed from Birgitta’s role as a conduit to Leonora’s conviction that the subject has a personal responsibility within a nexus of relationships. This is further evident when we look at the end of Jammersminde and see thet Christine expresses her gratitude towards those who have shown her kindness and mentions that the 11 people who treated her badly died a painful death. It was part and parcel of her Lutheran perspective that God settles his score with individuals even in life. The text itself, when seen in its totality, offers us an example of autobhiography as resistance and the construction of subjectivity as the assumption of personal responsibility for suffering. There is also a strong proto-feminist component as when LC was imprisoned she was offered the possibility of amnesty—all she had to do was to state that because of her womanly weakness—she was seduced by Ulfeldt into treason—she was even read his death sentence—her reaction was to take personal responsibility and she wrote: That day God enacted a great miracle and gave me a sign, in that he gave me the strength to master my weak mind and wild tongue, and preserved my restraint. God is therefore honored thousandfold.” She calls herself” “Christikorsdragerske” (88) Also an pg. 88 she states, “ God was the one who came in himself and approached me at the gate of tears, he was the one who reached out his hand and fought for me inside of the sinner’s prison that is called the dark church (mørke Kirke). | CHRISTIANSDATTER, Countess af Slesvig og Ho Leonora Christine (I1415)
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